Städtische Rückseiten. Das Bindegewebe der Stadt.
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DE
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Karlsruhe
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DI
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Abstract
Das Phänomen der "Industrial Gentrification" ist seit wenigen Jahren auch in Städten wie München und Hamburg und neuerdings auch Berlin zu beobachten. Geht der Verdrängungsprozess ungebremst weiter, kann er schwerwiegende ökonomische und ökologische, aber auch soziale Folgen für die gesamte Stadt haben. Nach dem Auffüllen der großen städtischen Brachflächen wird nun die bestehende Stadtstruktur nachverdichtet. Oft trifft diese Nachverdichtung Orte mit einer geringen baulichen Dichte und Qualität, jedoch mit großer Funktionalität für den städtischen Organismus. Es sind die letzten innerstädtischen Orte, wo lärmende und schmutzige Tätigkeiten, preiswerte Dienstleistungen in enger Verflechtung mit Quartieren und kreative Unternehmensgründungen stattfinden können. Diese funktionalen Arbeitsorte werden in einem rasanten Tempo weniger, da sie dem Druck durch höherwertigere Nutzungen nicht standhalten können. Die bis jetzt wenig erforschten Orte befinden sich in Zwischenräumen, Randgebieten und Übergangszonen entlang von Bahnschienen, Hafengebieten, Großmarktarealen und Infrastrukturkorridoren. Hier gibt es Werkstätten, Lagerhallen, kleine Produktionsbetriebe, Ver- und Entsorgungseinrichtungen sowie weitere Nutzungen, die für das Funktionieren der Stadt notwendig sind. Um diese Orte und ihre Nutzungen besser untersuchen zu können, wird der Begriff der "Städtischen Rückseiten" eingeführt. Anhand von drei ausgewählten Fallbeispielen in London, Hamburg und Berlin werden die Städtischen Rückseiten qualitativ untersucht. Der Schwerpunkt der Fallstudien liegt auf den räumlichen und funktionalen Veränderungsprozessen dieser Rückseiten, welche in direktem Zusammenhang mit großen, innerstädtischen Masterplanprojekten auf ehemaligen Industriebrachen untersucht werden.
The phenomena of 'industrial gentrification' affects not only global cities like New York and London, but also the likes of Munich and Hamburg and, more recently, Berlin. If the displacement processes carry on with at their current rate, the economic, ecological and social consequences for both the city as a whole and its individual inhabitants will be severe. With the building out of the last available brown field land, the focus of development is now shifting to a redevelopment and densification of the existing city structure. This densification tends to affect areas of lower building density, quality and (relative to other innercity areas) financial value, however the importance of the functionality of these areas to the wider city s metabolism is not to be underestimated. These areas belong to a spatial type that is in many cities now almost extinct where noisy and dirty work, affordable locally integrated services and the development of creative businesses can all take place within easy reach of the city's core. The available space for the last of the kind is currently decreasing rapidly due to the pressure of higher-value 'cleaner' uses and speculative investment. These working places are to be found in almost all of our cities and yet they have largely escaped detailed investigation and analysis. Their exact locations within the city structure are no accident, they have flourished in the compromised areas; in-between spaces and transition zones along railway tracks, harbour areas, large market areas, and infrastructure corridors. Workshops, warehouses, small production plants and other uses have emerged here, uses which are vital to supply and disposal, urban logistics, and the overall functioning of the urban cycle. To make it easier to positively address these left over spaces a new term is introduced: the 'Urban Back'. On the basis of three selected case studies in London, Hamburg and Berlin the Urban Backs are thoroughly investigated. The focus lies on the spatial and functional transformation processes of those Urban Backs that are directly related to large scale masterplan projects on former industrial sites.
The phenomena of 'industrial gentrification' affects not only global cities like New York and London, but also the likes of Munich and Hamburg and, more recently, Berlin. If the displacement processes carry on with at their current rate, the economic, ecological and social consequences for both the city as a whole and its individual inhabitants will be severe. With the building out of the last available brown field land, the focus of development is now shifting to a redevelopment and densification of the existing city structure. This densification tends to affect areas of lower building density, quality and (relative to other innercity areas) financial value, however the importance of the functionality of these areas to the wider city s metabolism is not to be underestimated. These areas belong to a spatial type that is in many cities now almost extinct where noisy and dirty work, affordable locally integrated services and the development of creative businesses can all take place within easy reach of the city's core. The available space for the last of the kind is currently decreasing rapidly due to the pressure of higher-value 'cleaner' uses and speculative investment. These working places are to be found in almost all of our cities and yet they have largely escaped detailed investigation and analysis. Their exact locations within the city structure are no accident, they have flourished in the compromised areas; in-between spaces and transition zones along railway tracks, harbour areas, large market areas, and infrastructure corridors. Workshops, warehouses, small production plants and other uses have emerged here, uses which are vital to supply and disposal, urban logistics, and the overall functioning of the urban cycle. To make it easier to positively address these left over spaces a new term is introduced: the 'Urban Back'. On the basis of three selected case studies in London, Hamburg and Berlin the Urban Backs are thoroughly investigated. The focus lies on the spatial and functional transformation processes of those Urban Backs that are directly related to large scale masterplan projects on former industrial sites.
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Stadtentwicklungsplanung, Stadtstruktur, Nachverdichtung, Nutzungsmischung, Funktionstrennung, Brachfläche, Revitalisierung, Verdrängung, Gentrifizierung, Masterplan, Gewerbegebiet, Produktionsstätte, Industriebrache, Entsorgungsanlage, Lärm, Schmutz, Arbeitsort, Innenstadt, Städtevergleich, Fallbeispiel, Innenentwicklung, Stadterneuerung