Node of transport and place. Dilemmas, challenges and potentialities towards the development of a mobility urban hub.
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Herausgeber
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Hannover
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Die Arbeit untersucht die räumlichen Dilemmata zwischen funktionalen Transportknoten und Aufenthaltsorten in der Stadt São Paulo. Metrostationen werden generell aufgrund der Verbindung von zwei oder mehr Transportlinien und durch ihre Funktion als lokale Zugänge zum städtischen Transportnetzwerk, als "Knoten" betrachtet. Diese Stationen können aber auch "Orte" sein, an denen Menschen Zugang zu mehreren Nichttransportfunktionen haben und Zeit im Stadtraum verbringen. Darüber hinaus geht die Arbeit von der Überlegung aus, dass die Bereiche der Stationen strategische Elemente der städtebaulichen Strukturierung und der räumliche Transformation eines Territoriums sind. Die Hypothese der Forschung ist, dass einige Stationen im Metro-Schienennetz von São Paulo, die potentiell strategische Punkte im Netzwerk darstellen, das räumliche Dilemma zwischen Knoten und Ort noch nicht überwunden haben. Dadurch verstärken sie räumliche Unklarheiten und verlieren die Chance, als katalytischer Knotenpunkt ein städtisches Zentrum der Mobilität zu werden und damit im Einklang mit neuen Strömungen aktueller urbaner Dynamiken zu stehen. Die Arbeit ist in zwei Teile geteilt. Im ersten Teil wird der konzeptuelle Rahmen durch Literaturrecherche dreier Kategorien entwickelt: Knoten, Orte, und Urbane Instrumente. Diese werden in Referenzprojekten in Europa (Stratford Station - London, Utrecht Central Station - Niederlande) validiert. Im zweiten Teil werden die Zusammenhänge zwischen Transportknoten, Orten und Urbanen Instrumenten anhand von zwei Fallstudien in São Paulo, Faria Lima / Pinheiros Station (Linie-4) und Corinthians-Itaquera (Linie-3) und in drei urbanen Maßstäben diskutiert, welche die Hypothese bekräftigen: Makro (Stadt), Intermediate (Nachbarschaft) und Lokal (Station). Die Ergebnisse der Forschung heben die Ambivalenzen und räumlichen Herausforderungen, zwischen Knoten und Orten im Fokus der drei untersuchten Maßstäbe und vor dem Hintergrund von Gestaltungsrichtlinien für die Verbesserung von Metrostationen als Mobility Urban Hubs (MUH), hervor. MUH werden daher als Inter-Place verstanden, die gleichzeitig mehrere städtebauliche Maßstäbe im Wirkungsbereich des Knotens und des Ortes, sowie die beteiligten Akteure (öffentlich und privat) miteinander verbinden; hier werden vielfältige Aktivitäten und städtische Funktionen, die durch das Instrument eines lokalen Masterplans konzipiert wurden, konzentriert und gezielt verteilt.
This thesis investigates the spatial dilemmas between a Transport Node and a Place in the city of São Paulo, based on the case studies of the Pinheiros, Faria Lima and Corinthians-Itaquera stations. It is assumed that the stations with high-capacity (subway and/or railway) are at the same time a TRANSPORT NODE, due to the connections between two or more lines of the same system, and a PLACE, articulating flows, people, activities, and the urban dynamics in its surroundings. In this scenario, the station area may be the basis of spatial tensions, but also can be considered a strategic point for the urban structuring and spatial transformation of a territory, a Mobility Urban Hub (MUH). Thus, MUH is understood as the “inter-place” that interconnects simultaneously several urban scales and modes of transport without spatial ambivalence, concentrating and generating multiple activities and urban functions, while articulates several public and private agents. The hypothesis of the research is that some stations of São Paulo’s subway rail system, although strategic to the city, did not overcome the spatial dilemmas between node and place due to the lack of urbanistic instruments that articulate the different urban scales. As a result, reinforce spatial ambivalences, as well as they waste the opportunity to become a MUH consistent with the new flow imposed by today’s urban dynamics. The categories considered as crucial for the understanding of the concepts that guide the research, NODE-PLACE- URBAN INSTRUMENTS, are discussed for the understanding of the spatial relationships established between, articulated in the three urban scales: Macro, Intermediate, and Local. In the first part of the thesis is built a spatial analysis method in the stations areas as well as the definition of the concept MUH. The second part shows two reference projects in Europe: the Stratford Station (London) and the Central Station of Utrecht (The Netherlands). The analysis of these projects seeks to validate the categories defined in the previous part, and to identify strategies for the development of the MUH. In the last part, the spatial dilemmas and challenges are evaluated in the case studies in São Paulo seeking to test the proposed hypothesis. The results show, on one hand the ambivalences and spatial challenges between NODE, PLACE, and URBAN INSTRUMENTS among the three urban scales. On the other hand, there is a set of project recommendations aimed at potentiating station areas as a MUH.
This thesis investigates the spatial dilemmas between a Transport Node and a Place in the city of São Paulo, based on the case studies of the Pinheiros, Faria Lima and Corinthians-Itaquera stations. It is assumed that the stations with high-capacity (subway and/or railway) are at the same time a TRANSPORT NODE, due to the connections between two or more lines of the same system, and a PLACE, articulating flows, people, activities, and the urban dynamics in its surroundings. In this scenario, the station area may be the basis of spatial tensions, but also can be considered a strategic point for the urban structuring and spatial transformation of a territory, a Mobility Urban Hub (MUH). Thus, MUH is understood as the “inter-place” that interconnects simultaneously several urban scales and modes of transport without spatial ambivalence, concentrating and generating multiple activities and urban functions, while articulates several public and private agents. The hypothesis of the research is that some stations of São Paulo’s subway rail system, although strategic to the city, did not overcome the spatial dilemmas between node and place due to the lack of urbanistic instruments that articulate the different urban scales. As a result, reinforce spatial ambivalences, as well as they waste the opportunity to become a MUH consistent with the new flow imposed by today’s urban dynamics. The categories considered as crucial for the understanding of the concepts that guide the research, NODE-PLACE- URBAN INSTRUMENTS, are discussed for the understanding of the spatial relationships established between, articulated in the three urban scales: Macro, Intermediate, and Local. In the first part of the thesis is built a spatial analysis method in the stations areas as well as the definition of the concept MUH. The second part shows two reference projects in Europe: the Stratford Station (London) and the Central Station of Utrecht (The Netherlands). The analysis of these projects seeks to validate the categories defined in the previous part, and to identify strategies for the development of the MUH. In the last part, the spatial dilemmas and challenges are evaluated in the case studies in São Paulo seeking to test the proposed hypothesis. The results show, on one hand the ambivalences and spatial challenges between NODE, PLACE, and URBAN INSTRUMENTS among the three urban scales. On the other hand, there is a set of project recommendations aimed at potentiating station areas as a MUH.
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