Kosten der Unterkunft als Segregationsmotor. Befunde aus Berlin und Oldenburg.
Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung
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Datum
2011
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item.page.journal-issn
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Herausgeber
Bundesinstitut für Bau-, Stadt- und Raumforschung
Sprache (Orlis.pc)
DE
Erscheinungsort
Bonn
Sprache
ISSN
0303-2493
ZDB-ID
Standort
BBR: Z 703
ZLB: Zs 2548-4
IFL: Z 0073
IRB: Z 885
ZLB: Zs 2548-4
IFL: Z 0073
IRB: Z 885
Dokumenttyp
Dokumenttyp (zusätzl.)
Autor:innen
Zusammenfassung
Im Beitrag werden insbesondere die stadt- bzw. sozialräumlichen Effekte der Bemessungsgrenzen für die Kosten der Unterkunft diskutiert. Mit Beispielen aus Berlin und Oldenburg werden zwei Fallstudien vorgestellt, die auf der Basis von Wohnangeboten mögliche sozialräumliche Effekte analysieren. Sie verweisen darauf, dass sich das Angebot an angemessenen Wohnungen stadträumlich ungleich verteilt. Segregationstendenzen könnten zudem durch zu niedrige örtliche Versorgungsquoten mit angemessenen Wohnungen und die Wohnungskonkurrenz mit anderen Haushalten im Niedrigeinkommensbereich gefördert werden. Es zeigen sich gemeinsame Muster der sozialräumlichen Auswirkungen der Regelungen zu den Kosten der Unterkunft: In beiden Städten sind Teile der Innenstadt fast völlig frei von angemessenen Wohnungsangeboten. Und in beiden Städten werden vergleichsweise viele angemessene Wohnungen in den Siedlungsbereichen des sozialen Wohnungsbaus bzw. des Großsiedlungsbaus angeboten, so dass eine Konzentration von transferempfangenden Haushalten in diesen Beständen durch die Angebotsstruktur begünstigt wird. Der entscheidende Faktor für die Segregationsrelevanz der Regelungen zu den Kosten der Unterkunft liegt jedoch nicht in siedlungsspezifischen Unterschieden, sondern in eingeschränkten Wahlmöglichkeiten von Wohnungssuchenden durch die mit den Richtwerten für die Kosten der Unterkunft festgelegte Verknappung angemessener Wohnungen.
In the article the urban and socio-spatial effects of the assessment thresholds for the costs of accommodation are discussed. A systematic analysis of this is not available yet, but with examples from Berlin and Oldenburg two case studies are presented, which analyze possible socio-spatial effects respectively on the basis of housing offers. The case studies refer to the unequal distribution of the supply of appropriate dwellings in the urban area. The local quotas of provision with appropriate dwellings and the competitive situation with other households in the low income sector may also be relevant for possible tendencies of segregation. While in Berlin 18 % of the population are in the demand group according to the Code of Social Law II and only 18 % of the offered dwellings are in the assessment range, this share is considerably higher in Oldenburg with 6.7 % households receiving transfers and 54.3 % offered dwellings. Nevertheless, common patterns of the socio-spatial impacts of the regulations on the costs of accommodation can be noted: in both cities parts of the inner city are almost devoid of appropriate housing offers. And in both cities comparatively many appropriate dwellings are offered in the settlement areas of social housing construction or large housing estates, which favor a concentration of households receiving transfers in these stocks through the structure of offers. However the decisive factor for the relevance of the regulations on the costs of accommodation for segregation does not lie in the differences specific to settlements, but in restricted possibilities of choice for persons seeking accommodation through the limitation of appropriate dwellings with the threshold values for the costs of accommodation.
In the article the urban and socio-spatial effects of the assessment thresholds for the costs of accommodation are discussed. A systematic analysis of this is not available yet, but with examples from Berlin and Oldenburg two case studies are presented, which analyze possible socio-spatial effects respectively on the basis of housing offers. The case studies refer to the unequal distribution of the supply of appropriate dwellings in the urban area. The local quotas of provision with appropriate dwellings and the competitive situation with other households in the low income sector may also be relevant for possible tendencies of segregation. While in Berlin 18 % of the population are in the demand group according to the Code of Social Law II and only 18 % of the offered dwellings are in the assessment range, this share is considerably higher in Oldenburg with 6.7 % households receiving transfers and 54.3 % offered dwellings. Nevertheless, common patterns of the socio-spatial impacts of the regulations on the costs of accommodation can be noted: in both cities parts of the inner city are almost devoid of appropriate housing offers. And in both cities comparatively many appropriate dwellings are offered in the settlement areas of social housing construction or large housing estates, which favor a concentration of households receiving transfers in these stocks through the structure of offers. However the decisive factor for the relevance of the regulations on the costs of accommodation for segregation does not lie in the differences specific to settlements, but in restricted possibilities of choice for persons seeking accommodation through the limitation of appropriate dwellings with the threshold values for the costs of accommodation.
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Ausgabe
Nr. 9
Erscheinungsvermerk/Umfang
Seiten
S. 557-566