Vergleichende Beschreibung im Verkehr am Beispiel des differenzierten Stadtschnellbahnverkehrs in Ballungsräumen.
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DE
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Berlin
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DI
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Abstract
Der ÖPNV unterliegt zeitlich schwankender Nachfrage. In Zeiten erhöhter Nachfrage wird zur Befriedigung der Verkehrsbedürfnisse das Angebot ausgeweitet. Übliche Mittel dazu sind u.a. eine Verdichtung des Fahrtenangebotes. Eine in Stadtschnellbahnsystemen oft vorzufindende Ausprägung ist die Anwendung von Expressfahrten, abschnittsweise oder über längere Strecken. Vergleiche verschiedener Systeme sind aus verschiedenen Gründen schwierig. Viele Vergleiche scheitern oftmals an der Datenverfügbarkeit. Im Rahmen der Arbeit wird eine umfassende Beschreibungsmethodik erarbeitet, mit der Verkehrssysteme unabhängig von der Verfügbarkeit unternehmerischer Daten und vergleichbar trotz unterschiedlicher Randbedingungen beschrieben werden können. Der eigentliche Vergleich erfolgt in drei Gruppen, die das gesamte Spektrum der Systeme abdecken: Verkehr, Betrieb und Wirtschaftlichkeit. Angewendet wird die Methodik auf sieben ausgewählte Stadtschnellbahnsysteme aus Dänemark, Deutschland, Finnland, Frankreich und Kalifornien. Während die europäischen Systeme ganze Netze bilden, wird in Kalifornien ein einzelner Korridor betrachtet. Die gesamte Analyse und Ergebnisdarstellung erfolgt skriptbasiert, so dass die Methodik sehr einfach auf weitere Netze, auch außerhalb des engen Bereichs der Stadtschnellbahnsysteme, angewendet werden kann. Eine weitere Detaillierung der Beschreibung unter Hinzuziehung unternehmensinterner Daten wie konkreten Kostensätzen oder detaillierten Nachfragedaten ist mit geringem Aufwand möglich durch Austausch bzw. Verfeinerung der modular aufgebauten Analyse.
Public transport is subject to fluctuating demand. In times of increased demand, the transport offer is extended to satisfy transport needs. The usual instrument for this is on the one hand the usage of longer formations, as far as this is technically possible, and on the other hand a compaction of the transport offers. These classical compression principles are used in many networks in sometimes very different forms. A solution of the problem which is often found in rapid transit systems is the use of express trains, in sections or over longer distances. Comparisons of different systems are difficult for several reasons: With differing boundary conditions comparisons about absolute values are little meaningful. Many comparisons often fail due to missing data availability. Within the scope of this thesis, a comprehensive description methodology is developed, with which traffic systems can be described independently of the availability of entrepreneurial data and while preserving comparability despite different boundary conditions. In order to avoid the blurring of the overall picture, the majority of the comparisons is based on the medians. The actual comparison is divided into three groups covering the entire range of systems: transport, operation and profitability. The methodology is applied to seven selected urban rapid transit systems of Denmark, Germany, Finland, France and California. While the European systems form entire networks, a single corridor is examined in California. The comparison with European networks shows that there is also a high significance of individual corridors. The data collected in the networks on the specified descriptive criteria are placed on a scale between minimum and maximum values for all networks with their median, and the degree of differentiation is displayed in polar diagrams. The entire analysis and the presentation of results are scripted so that the methodology can very easily be applied to other networks, even outside the narrow range of urban rapid transit systems. Further detailing of the description with the inclusion of company-internal data such as concrete cost rates or detailed demand data is easily possible by exchanging or refining the modular analysis.
Public transport is subject to fluctuating demand. In times of increased demand, the transport offer is extended to satisfy transport needs. The usual instrument for this is on the one hand the usage of longer formations, as far as this is technically possible, and on the other hand a compaction of the transport offers. These classical compression principles are used in many networks in sometimes very different forms. A solution of the problem which is often found in rapid transit systems is the use of express trains, in sections or over longer distances. Comparisons of different systems are difficult for several reasons: With differing boundary conditions comparisons about absolute values are little meaningful. Many comparisons often fail due to missing data availability. Within the scope of this thesis, a comprehensive description methodology is developed, with which traffic systems can be described independently of the availability of entrepreneurial data and while preserving comparability despite different boundary conditions. In order to avoid the blurring of the overall picture, the majority of the comparisons is based on the medians. The actual comparison is divided into three groups covering the entire range of systems: transport, operation and profitability. The methodology is applied to seven selected urban rapid transit systems of Denmark, Germany, Finland, France and California. While the European systems form entire networks, a single corridor is examined in California. The comparison with European networks shows that there is also a high significance of individual corridors. The data collected in the networks on the specified descriptive criteria are placed on a scale between minimum and maximum values for all networks with their median, and the degree of differentiation is displayed in polar diagrams. The entire analysis and the presentation of results are scripted so that the methodology can very easily be applied to other networks, even outside the narrow range of urban rapid transit systems. Further detailing of the description with the inclusion of company-internal data such as concrete cost rates or detailed demand data is easily possible by exchanging or refining the modular analysis.
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XXII, 251 S., Anh.