Klimaanpassung in deutschen Städten – weiter gedacht durch Smart City-Anwendungen.
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Berlin
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Im Rahmen der Arbeit wird die Verwendung von Smart City-Anwendungen für die Adaption in deutschen Städten untersucht. Die Arbeit leistet einen Beitrag, die Klimaanpassung in der Smart City sichtbarer zu gestalten. Es werden Gründe aufgezeigt, Maßnahmen und Projekte zur Anpassung vermehrt in Initiativen aufzunehmen. Anhand der Backcasting-Szenariotechnik wird die Zukunftsvision der 'Klimaangepassten Smart City' entwickelt, in der drei Szenarien detailliert dargestellt werden: die Wege App zur Gesundheitsvorsorge bei Hitze, das smarte Entwässerungssystem zur Starkregenvorsorge und das smarte Grünflächenmanagement zur Vorsorge bei Trockenheit. Diese werden mithilfe der zweiten Methode, der Experteninterviews, mit elf Expert*innen diskutiert. Die gewonnenen Aussagen werden mit der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Kuckartz (2016) ausgewertet. Aus den Ergebnissen wird ersichtlich, inwiefern die Verwendung unter bestimmten sozialen und klimatischen Rahmenbedingungen für Kommunen geeignet ist. Digitale Partizipationsformate, Flexibilität der Maßnahmen, Informationsvermittlung, Automatisierung und Datengenerierung unterstützen die Vernetzung von urbanen Räumen. Dadurch tragen die Anwendungen für die Anpassung in den Bereichen Prävention, Eigenvorsorge und Effektivität bei. Gleichzeitig werden Herausforderungen aufgezeigt, die eine Verwendung der Smart City-Anwendungen erschweren. Diese betreffen ebenfalls die Prävention, Effektivität und darüber hinaus die verwaltungsinternen Strukturen, knappe Ressourcen, sowie soziale und politische Aushandlungsprozesse. Aus den Aussagen der Expert*innen ist zu erkennen, dass nicht alle Herausforderungen unüberwindbar sind.
This thesis investigates the use of smart city applications for climate adaptation in German cities. One of the contributions of the thesis is to make climate adaptation more visible in smart city approaches by arguing to include measures and projects for adaptation more often in initiatives as it might lead to positive outcomes in climate adaptation. Using the backcasting scenario approach a future vision of a 'climate-adapted smart city' is developed in which three scenarios for three extreme weather events are presented: the “Wege app” supports health care measures during heatwaves, the “smart drainage system” supports heavy rainfall response and the “smart green space management” contributes to urban drought prevention. The three smart city applications will be discussed with eleven experts in separate interviews. The statements obtained are evaluated using qualitative content analysis according to Kuckartz (2016). The results demonstrate the possible suitable usage of the applications for municipalities considering their unique social and climatic conditions. Positive attributes of the applications for the connection of different urban spaces are digital participation, flexibility of the applications, information flow, automation and data generation and collection. Therefore, the applications contribute to climate adaptation in the areas of prevention, individual provision measures and effectiveness. At the same time, the challenges that prevent a widespread usage of smart city applications are identified. These are for example effectiveness and, in addition, internal administrative structures, scarce resources, and social and political negotiation processes. However, it is clear from the experts' statements that not all challenges are insurmountable.
This thesis investigates the use of smart city applications for climate adaptation in German cities. One of the contributions of the thesis is to make climate adaptation more visible in smart city approaches by arguing to include measures and projects for adaptation more often in initiatives as it might lead to positive outcomes in climate adaptation. Using the backcasting scenario approach a future vision of a 'climate-adapted smart city' is developed in which three scenarios for three extreme weather events are presented: the “Wege app” supports health care measures during heatwaves, the “smart drainage system” supports heavy rainfall response and the “smart green space management” contributes to urban drought prevention. The three smart city applications will be discussed with eleven experts in separate interviews. The statements obtained are evaluated using qualitative content analysis according to Kuckartz (2016). The results demonstrate the possible suitable usage of the applications for municipalities considering their unique social and climatic conditions. Positive attributes of the applications for the connection of different urban spaces are digital participation, flexibility of the applications, information flow, automation and data generation and collection. Therefore, the applications contribute to climate adaptation in the areas of prevention, individual provision measures and effectiveness. At the same time, the challenges that prevent a widespread usage of smart city applications are identified. These are for example effectiveness and, in addition, internal administrative structures, scarce resources, and social and political negotiation processes. However, it is clear from the experts' statements that not all challenges are insurmountable.
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